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The Tretyakov Gallery

by Orest Kiprensky. Portrait of Alexander Pushkin
by Orest Kiprensky.
Portrait of
Alexander Pushkin
The Tretyakov Gallery dates from 1856, when the purchase of Nikolai Schilder's painting The Temptation saw the beginning of the collecting activities of the young, wealthy Moscow merchant, Pavel Tretyakov (1832 - 1898). Whereas his first acquisitions followed no clear pattern, paintings by Vasily Perov, added to the collection in the sixties, determined paths which the Gallery was to follow. There was to be a collection of Russian painting, the fulfillment of a historic mission - that of patriotic and moral education of the people. Pavel Tretyakov acquired the very best from contemporary painters in Moscow and St Petersburg. The collection contains many works by members of the Society for Circulating Art Exhibitions (The Peredvizhniki). Often taking part in the selection of pictures were such outstanding painters as Ivan Kramskoi and Ilya Repin, the critic Vladimir Stasov and other Russian cultural figures; this turned Tretyakov's collection into a veritable center of Russia's artistic life.
The collector's brother, Sergei Tretyakov, was also a connoisseur of art who collected pictures not only by Russian, but also by French and Dutch painters. The Tretyzakov brothers' mansion in Lavrushinsky Lane had to be expanded in 1872 to accommodate the two collections. Subsequently, rebuilding had to be undertaken five times. Six more rooms had to be added in 1882 to accommodate the vast Turkestan series of paintings by Vasily Vereshchagin. The modern facade of the Gallery was added to the Tretyakov's mansion in 1902 from a design by Victor Vasnetsov.
The collection of Pavel and Sergei Tretyakov was opened to the public in I874 as a private museum and rapidly became very popular.
In 1892 Pavel Tretyakov presented his collection, by that time already famous, to the city of Moscow.
by Vasily Tropinin. Portrait of the Artist's Son
by Vasily Tropinin.
Portrait of
the Artist's Son
In 1917 the collection numbered 4,060 items. By the Decree of the Soviet government of June 3, 1918, signed by Lenin, the Gallery was nationalized. From a municipal museum, the Tretyakov Gallery was transformed into a state museum. In the twenties the Gallery was enlarged through the addition of the collections of the major Moscow collectors I. Ostroukhov and I. Tsvetkov, S.Shcherbatov, of paintings from the Historical Museum and works of art from palaces, estates and churches. During those years paintings by Western Europeans, mostly Dutch and French masters, were transferred from the Tretyakav Gallery to what is today the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts. This made the collection of the Tretyakov Gallery more uniform and altered its structure. During the thirties the growth of the collection made it necessary to build another 16 new halls, which doubled the area of the former building. The most spacious hall was designed to accommodate the painting The Appearance of Christ to the People by Alexander Ivanov. This huge canvas, which marked a whole stage in the history of Russian painting, was handed over to the Gallery together with a rich collection of the painter's studies and sketches from the Rumiantsev Museum. At the same time, the Gallery received a number of works by Russian sculptors of the late 18th and early 19th centuries which started the beginning of a Department of Sculpture. Pavel Tretyakov also started a collection of Russian graphic art.
Also, in the Department of Russian Icons, one can see the famous Old Testament Trinity, the only work authentically attributed to Andrei Rubliov. Its subject is borrowed from the Old Testament story of the appearance of God to Abraham and Sarah in the image of three travel weary angels who asked for shelter. Rubliov depicted the three angels as an embodiment of the concept of spirituality.
The Old Testament Trinity was considered to be the main icon of the TrinitySergius Monastery at Zagorsk;
by Ivan Shishkin. The Corn
by Ivan Shishkin. The Corn
the chronicles certify that Andrei Rubliov was its author (like all icon-painters of his time, Rubliov never signed his works). Another masterpiece attributed to him with rather a high degree of certainty is a series of icons for the iconostasis of the cathedral near the town of Zvenigorod, not far from Moscow. The Gallery possesses outstanding Russian paintings of the 16th century, including icons attributed to Dionysius. The department's display concludes with works by the 17th century icon painters of the Kremlin Armory headed by Simon Ushakov.
In 1912, the museum was opened to the public. Now Moscow had a comprehensive collection of copies of ancient Greek, Roman, medieval and Renaissance masterpieces, including electroplate copies of some of the best-known silverware antiquities. In addition to that, the museum found itself in possession of a remarkable co11ection of Egyptian antiquities and several 13th and 14th century Italian paintings.
The Museum of Fine Arts functioned as an educational center under the auspices of Moscow University until 1923, when it was handed over to Narkompros (The People's Commissariat of Education) as a national museum. The new status required essential changes in the structure and work of the museum.
In the early twenties, the museum already housed a substantial collection of paintings. These at first included Dutch and French paintings from the Tretyakov Art Gallery collection as well as French and Flemish paintings and several Rembrandts from the collection of the abolished Rumiantsev Museum.
Gradually the Museum of Fine Arts, from a collection of replicas, turned into a repository of original artistic masterpieces. It was named after Pushkin in 1937 (the centenary of the poet's death).
In 1948, the museum collection grew again, to include the late 19th and early 20th century French paintings and French sculptures of the same period from the abolished Museum of Modern Western Art. This provided a link with modern art.



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Ana is a beautiful woman of Colombia.
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The services of A Distant Light™ are available to all adult persons of good character, everywhere in the world.  Our prospective foreign bride listings now number more than 37,000, representing some 60 nations. 

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Note: Please be assured that the women featured here are not somehow less accessible than others.  Each dear heart listed with our service wishes for a caring man to share her life.  As such, you needn't hesitate to approach any of the ladies with whom you might be compatible. 




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Maria is a beautiful woman of Colombia.
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A Distant Light™ Romance Tours by A Foreign Affair are extraordinary travel adventures.  Beyond the excitement of exploring faraway places, imagine having a lovely woman like one of those featured here – or one of many hundreds of other beautiful hearts – as your companion and guide.  Consider the possibility of her becoming a lifetime companion.  This could happen for you! 

If you don't have a special lady in mind to meet, where would you like to go exploring?  To find which of our tours appeals to you most, begin at the Romance Tours Index.  If you've chosen a foreign sweetheart who lives far from any of our Romance Tours destinations, or you prefer to meet independently, we can provide Travel Information to help facilitate your meeting. 



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Maria is a beautiful woman of Colombia.

As you know, children can be one of life's greatest rewards.  Certainly, you shouldn't rule-out any prospective foreign bride just because she is childless, for together you could do something about that.  But neither should you exclude her just because she already has children, for together you could form an instant family!  That could benefit you in several ways.  Consider having two, or more, foreign sweethearts. 

An intercultural relationship may not be for everyone.  Yet, if you will invest the necessary time, effort and money into a relationship, and be reasonably flexible, tolerant and patient, your chances of finding happiness with a foreign bride are good.  Whichever path you choose, our wish for you is that your journey will be pleasant and that you will find, in life, everything that you seek. 



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Saby is a beautiful woman of Colombia.
Saby, 31
Barranquilla

Silvia is a beautiful woman of Colombia.
Silvia, 41
Cartagena

Yovana is a beautiful woman of Colombia.
Yovana, 31
Cartagena

Nubia is a beautiful woman of Colombia.
Nubia, 38
Bogotá

International Introduction Service Q & A

Foreign Courtship Advice and Recommendations From the Editors of A Distant Light™

Q: To a prospective foreign bride who doesn't specify an age preference, how much of an age difference might customarily be acceptable? 

A: Surveys have shown that when considering age apart from other factors, 98 to 99 percent of single Ukrainian women and single Russian women seeking marriage would readily accept a partner as much as ten years their elder.  The rate of such ready acceptance among women of the former Soviet Union declines to 50 percent as age disparity increases to 15 years. 

In predominantly Buddhist cultures of the Far East, as for example in Thailand, elder persons are revered for their accumulated wisdom.  So, some of the single Asian women seeking marriage, in particular, might accept or even welcome somewhat greater age disparities. 

For an international introductions agency to promote so-called May–December romances might be good for business, in the short term, but would it be good for you?  For the prospective foreign bride?  Around here, we believe that what's best for business is the long-term success of your intercultural relationship.  So, rather than encourage a fifty-year-old man to pursue, say, Colombian single women in their twenties, or a man of forty to chase single Latin women still in their teens, we would respectfully suggest that you listen to your own voice of reason and common sense. 

If you don't fully recognize the value in this, you might find it helpful to read A Long Way to Go for a Date, by Henry Makow.  The outcome of Mr. Makow's real-life personal adventure may surprise you.  Find it listed under Foreign Bride Resources, below.) 



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Muriel is a beautiful woman of Colombia.
Muriel, 31
Cartagena

Livia is a beautiful woman of Colombia.
Livia, 41
Cartagena

Libia is a beautiful woman of Colombia.
Libia, 38
Bogotá

Martha is a beautiful woman of Colombia.
Martha, 40
Barranquilla

Omaira is a beautiful woman of Colombia.
Omaira, 34
Cartagena

Gloria is a beautiful woman of Colombia.
Gloria, 30
Cartagena

Lila is a beautiful woman of Colombia.
Lila, 34
Cartagena


Foreign Bride Resources

A foreign sweetheart is more likely to become the foreign bride of a gentleman who demonstrates an interest in, and some knowledge of, her native culture.  A Lonely Planet ® Travel Survival Kit™ (right sidebar) can be helpful.  Besides the practical advice for travelers, they provide some historical background and discuss relevant social, political and economic aspects of modern society. 



Joel Crohn

Henry Makow

Dugan Romano

Lynn Visson


You can benefit from the experiences (both good and bad) of others, in the pursuit of intercultural relationships, by referring to these worthwhile additional foreign bride resources.  And remember, at A Distant Light™ we're here to help!  You can contact us by phone, fax, e-mail or postal mail, or visit us (no appointment is necessary during regular business hours) at any of the AFA offices worldwide. 


ASAWA
Filipina
Wives.com
Planet-Love
Planet-Love
Premiere Site
Russian-Travel.net
Russian-
Travel.net


And for an uplifting example of romance gone right, take time to enjoy the Web site of Jeffrey and Emelda Hollis.  Screenwriter Jeff's engaging stories of courtship and marriage with Emelda (who is absolutely adorable) will touch your heart. 


Jeff & Emelda: A Love Story
Marriage Can Be a Trip
Immigration Diary
J and E vs Maury Povich
Emelda in America
The Woman of His Dreams

"Relationships are like Rome – difficult to start out, incredible during the prosperity of the 'Golden Age' and unbearable during the fall.  Then a new kingdom will come along and the whole process will repeat itself – until you come across a kingdom, like Egypt, that thrives and continues to flourish.  This kingdom will become your best friend, your soul mate and your love." 

— Helen Adams Keller


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Astrud Gilberto's Finest Hour  (Verve)
Hear Astrud Gilberto's music now, at Amazon.com!

    This popular American singer and songwriter of German and Brazilian descent is admired by generations of music lovers everywhere.  Her name is practically synonymous with the bossa nova style of her native Brazil, and her endearing voice can be one of the most seductive on the planet. 
    Yet, there is more to be said of this remarkable woman, of which you may have been unaware.  She is also a talented graphic artist.  Through sales of the reproductions and prints of her original artworks (which can make unforgettable gifts, especially when signed by the artist herself), she supports efforts to protect animals from mistreatment. 
    Please see the charming (if, at times, necessarily intense) Web pages that have been created, with love, by this profoundly beautiful human being, 

–––––––—Ms. Astrud Gilberto—–––––––


[The Editors of A Distant Light™ are privileged to express our appreciation of Ms. Gilberto and her work.  Ms. Gilberto is not a participant in our service.]




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